单片机图形控制芯片RA8889系列介绍（四）——软件篇
2021-02-05
上一节我主要介绍了单片机通过RA8889来点液晶屏的硬件结构，接下来开始讲解软件部份如何设计。
瑞佑（RAIO）的RA8875当前已经拥有相当巨大的用户群，一个最重要的原因是其软件代码特别容易写，而RA8889也一样，功能上比RA8875更强大但是软件代码一样简单，而且还会更容易！
列举：main.c
**
#include
#include
#include
#include "delay.h"
//Include RAiO files
#include "UserDef.h"
#include "RA8889_MCU_IF.h"
#include "RA8889.h"
#include "RA8889_API.h"
#include "API_Demo.h"
int main(void)
{
RA8889_Initial(); //RA8889初始化
BTE_Solid_Fill(0,4800,0,0,0x000000,800,480); //内存清空，填充
while(1)
{
NOR_AVI_Demo(); //执行AVI播放演示
}
}
RA8889_Initial() 初始化函数
**
//==============================================================================
void RA8889_Initial(void)
{
#ifdef Parallel_8080
/* using STM32 FSMC Interface*/
#endif
#ifdef Parallel_6800
Parallel_6800_ini();
#endif
#ifdef Serial_I2C
I2C_Initial();
#endif
#ifdef Serial_4
SPI4_Init();
#endif
#ifdef Serial_3
SPI3_Init();
#endif
//------------------------------------
RA8889_HW_Reset();
Check_IC_ready();
// System_Check_Temp();
RA8889_SW_Reset();
Check_IC_ready();
//------------------------------------
RA8889_PLL(DRAM_FREQ, CORE_FREQ, SCAN_FREQ);
//------------------------------------
RA8889_SDRAM_initial();// set the SDRAM parameter.
//------------------------------------
//**[01h]**//
TFT_24bit();
// TFT_18bit();
// TFT_16bit();
// Without_TFT();
//**[01h]**//
#if defined (MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_8bpp) || defined (MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_16bpp) || defined (MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_24bpp)
Host_Bus_8bit();
#endif
#if defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_16bpp) || defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_1) || defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_2)
Host_Bus_16bit();
#endif
//------------------------------------
//**[02h]**//
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_8bpp
Data_Format_8b_8bpp();
#endif
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_16bpp
Data_Format_8b_16bpp();
#endif
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_24bpp
Data_Format_8b_24bpp();
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_16bpp
Data_Format_16b_16bpp();
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_1
Data_Format_16b_24bpp_mode1();
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_2
Data_Format_16b_24bpp_mode2();
#endif
MemWrite_Left_Right_Top_Down();//(Default) Memory Write: Left to Right, Top to Down.
//------------------------------------
//**[03h]**//
Graphic_Mode();
// Text_Mode();
Memory_Select_SDRAM();
//------------------------------------
//** Set color depth, define in [UserDef.h] **//
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_8bpp
Select_Main_Window_8bpp(); //[10h] Set main window color depth
Memory_8bpp_Mode(); //[5Eh] Set active memory color depth
Select_PIP1_Window_8bpp(); //[11h] PIP 1 Window Color Depth
Select_PIP2_Window_8bpp(); //[11h] PIP 2 Window Color Depth
BTE_S0_Color_8bpp(); //[92h] Source_0 Color Depth
BTE_S1_Color_8bpp(); //[92h] Source_1 Color Depth
BTE_Destination_Color_8bpp(); //[92h] Destination Color Depth
IDEC_Destination_Color_8bpp();//
#endif
#if defined (MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_16bpp) || defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_16bpp)
Select_Main_Window_16bpp(); //[10h]Set main window color depth
Memory_16bpp_Mode(); //[5Eh]Set active memory color depth
Select_PIP1_Window_16bpp(); //[11h] PIP 1 Window Color Depth
Select_PIP2_Window_16bpp(); //[11h] PIP 2 Window Color Depth
BTE_S0_Color_16bpp(); //[92h] Source_0 Color Depth
BTE_S1_Color_16bpp(); //[92h] Source_1 Color Depth
BTE_Destination_Color_16bpp(); //[92h] Destination Color Depth
IDEC_Destination_Color_16bpp();//
#endif
#if defined (MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_24bpp) || defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_1) || defined (MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_2)
Select_Main_Window_24bpp(); //[10h]Set main window color depth
Memory_24bpp_Mode(); //[5Eh]Set active memory color depth
Select_PIP1_Window_24bpp(); //[11h] PIP 1 Window Color Depth
Select_PIP2_Window_24bpp(); //[11h] PIP 2 Window Color Depth
BTE_S0_Color_24bpp(); //[92h] Source_0 Color Depth
BTE_S1_Color_24bpp(); //[92h] Source_1 Color Depth
BTE_Destination_Color_24bpp(); //[92h] Destination Color Depth
IDEC_Destination_Color_24bpp();//
#endif
//------------------------------------
//**[12h]~[1Fh]]**//
Set_LCD_Panel(); // define in [UserDef.h]
//------------------------------------
//**[20h][21h][22h][23h]**//
Main_Image_Start_Address(0);
//**[24h][25h]**//
Main_Image_Width(main_image_width);
//**[26h][27h][28h][29h]**//
Main_Window_Start_XY(0,0);
//**[50h][51h][52h][53h]**//
Canvas_Image_Start_address(0);
//**[54h][55h]**//
Canvas_image_width(canvas_image_width);
//**[56h][57h][58h][59h]**//
Active_Window_XY(0,0);
//**[5Ah][5Bh][5Ch][5Dh]**//
Active_Window_WH(LCD_width,LCD_legth);
//------------------------------------
//**[5E]**//
Memory_XY_Mode();
// Memory_Linear_Mode();
//------------------------------------
Set_Serial_Flash_IF();
//------------------------------------
//**[5Fh][60h][61h][62h]**//
Goto_Pixel_XY(0,0);
//------------------------------------
//---------------------//
Display_ON();
//---------------------//
//Color_Bar_ON();
//delay_seconds(1);
//Color_Bar_OFF();
}BTE_Solid_Fill() 颜色填充函数：
**
void BTE_Solid_Fill
(
unsigned long Des_Addr //start address of destination
,unsigned short Des_W // image width of destination (recommend = canvas image width)
, unsigned short XDes //coordinate X of destination
,unsigned short YDes //coordinate Y of destination
,unsigned long Foreground_color //Solid Fill color
,unsigned short X_W //Width of BTE Window
,unsigned short Y_H //Length of BTE Window
)
{
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_8bpp
Foreground_color_256(Foreground_color);
#endif
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_16bpp
Foreground_color_65k(Foreground_color);
#endif
#ifdef MCU_8bit_ColorDepth_24bpp
Foreground_color_16M(Foreground_color);
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_16bpp
Foreground_color_65k(Foreground_color);
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_1
Foreground_color_16M(Foreground_color);
#endif
#ifdef MCU_16bit_ColorDepth_24bpp_Mode_2
Foreground_color_16M(Foreground_color);
#endif
BTE_Destination_Memory_Start_Address(Des_Addr);
BTE_Destination_Image_Width(Des_W);
BTE_Destination_Window_Start_XY(XDes,YDes);
BTE_Window_Size(X_W,Y_H);
BTE_Operation_Code(0x0c); //BTE Operation: Solid Fill (w/o ROP)
BTE_Enable();
Check_BTE_Busy();
}
NOR_AVI_Demo() 播放AVI影片函数：
**
void NOR_AVI_Demo(void)
{
unsigned char temp;
SPI_NOR_initial_JPG_AVI (1,0,1,2,1);
AVI_NOR(1296674,13327214,shadow_buff,shadow_buff+2400,0,0,322,548,canvas_image_width);
AVI_window(1);
do{
temp = Read_Media_Decode_Busy(); //read busy flag to know media decode busy or idle
}while(temp&0x40);
AVI_window(0);
}瑞佑（RAIO）的工程师们已经化繁为简，所有功能都打包成API函数了，简单明了，用户不需要去查阅繁琐的寄存器功能，相信这一点足以减少巨大的UI开发时间。
瑞佑（RAIO）的API包含描点、几何绘图、文字显示、图形运算（BTE逻辑运算）、DMA调图显示以及AVI影片播放等等各种功能，可以满足人机交互的所有界面设计需求。
许多单片机自带TFT液晶控制器，那种方案正常要结合GUI来设计界面，是直接描点显示，界面图形都是通过软件来完成，在许多情况下显示速度就会慢一些了，而这点在RA8889上就可以得到克服，哪怕您使用的只是一颗51单片机，显示速度一样十分迅速，因为这颗芯片内部是通过硬件来完成图形驱动控制的。
看到这里，相信许多工程师已对这颗芯片的软件设计理解了一大半了。可能大家还有个疑问，液晶屏型号那么多，初始化肯定各有所异，如何设置呢？头大！这个也要告诉大家放心吧！瑞佑（RAIO）已经将常用的型号都建库了，您不需要担心直接拿来用再慢慢细调，若有问题也可以向原厂询求技术支持，难度很小！
液晶屏参数定义举例：AT070TN92
**
#ifdef AT070TN92
//**[10h]**//
Select_LCD_Sync_Mode(); // Enable XVSYNC, XHSYNC, XDE.
// Select_LCD_DE_Mode(); // XVSYNC & XHSYNC in idle state.
PCLK_Falling();
//PCLK_Rising();
VSCAN_T_to_B();
PDATA_Set_RGB();
HSYNC_Low_Active();
VSYNC_Low_Active();
DE_High_Active();
//DE_Low_Active();
LCD_HorizontalWidth_VerticalHeight(800,480);//INNOLUX 800x480?
/* [16h][17h] : Figure 19-3 [HND] Non Display or Back porch (pixels) = (HNDR + 1) * 8 + HNDFTR
[18h] : Figure 19-3 [HST] Start Position or Front porch (pixels) = (HSTR + 1)x8
[19h] : Figure 19-3 [HPW] Pulse Width(pixels) = (HPW + 1)x8
*/
LCD_Horizontal_Non_Display(38);//INNOLUX800x600,46?
LCD_HSYNC_Start_Position(210);//INNOLUX800x600,16~354?
LCD_HSYNC_Pulse_Width(8);//INNOLUX800x600,1~40C
/* [1Ch][1Dh] : Figure 19-3 [VND] Non-Display Period(Line) = (VNDR + 1)
[1Eh] : Figure 19-3 [VST] Start Position(Line) = (VSTR + 1)
[1Fh] : Figure 19-3 [VPW] Pulse Width(Line) = (VPWR + 1)
*/
LCD_Vertical_Non_Display(13);//INNOLUX800x600,23?
LCD_VSYNC_Start_Position(22);//INNOLUX800x600,1~147?
LCD_VSYNC_Pulse_Width(10);//INNOLUX800x600,1~20C
#endif到这里，基本就将软件设计说明完了，除此而外，瑞佑（RAIO）还新增加了一个上位机辅助界面设计工具，研发在做UI时，可以借助这个工具来开发，可以做到所见即所得的效果，开发效率极高，这些就留到下一节再做介绍吧！
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